Secured Transactions – Lesson 4

Published on March 14, 2024

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In this video, 20.02 – Secured Transactions – Lesson 4, Roger Philipp, CPA, CGMA, continuing from Lesson 3, describing a few more aspects of attachment of a security interest, and then goes into a thorough explanation of perfection of a security interest.

In obtaining a security interest, a creditor is protecting themselves from DOTS – the debtor, other creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, and any subsequent purchaser from the debtor without knowledge of perfection. For the creditor to protect themselves from the debtor, they must only attach. To protect themselves from third parties, the creditor must attach and perfect the security interest. The law provides creditors with rights similar to attachment in various circumstances such as judicial liens, statutory liens, and garnishment. Perfection provides notice to third parties that a security interest exists, and therefore protects the creditor from third parties who may also have an interest in the collateral.

But to perfect a security interest, any one of three conditions must be met: the creditor can either file a financing statement in the appropriate public office, obtain automatic perfection through a consumer goods PMSI (Purchase Money Security Interest), or take possession of the collateral. While a PMSI in consumer goods provides automatic perfection against the debtor, it does not by itself protect the creditor if the debtor sells the asset to a third party. To obtain such protection, the creditor must also fulfill the financing statement condition (subject to the 20-day rule) in addition to the PMSI.

To conclude, Roger summarizes secured transactions as covered thus far, and provides a handy mnemonic for remembering the conditions required for attachment and perfection.

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Video Transcript Sneak Peek:

Now when you attach, you can attach, it says attachment also covers the proceeds. Let’s say for example let’s draw this again. Here’s the creditor, here’s the debtor, you gave me some money, boom, I’m going to give you legally the right to the collateral. Let’s say I sold the collateral and I got money. If I no longer have the asset, you can attach to the collateral, you can attach to the assets, and you can attach to the proceeds.

You also, if in the agreement you could say we also attach to after acquired. If I go out and buy other stuff and I don’t have the good that you would attach to. You can attach to after acquired property as well. If the debtor were to purchase inventory, equipment after the attachment, the creditor could also attach to that.

Notice that when all three of these things happen, boom, they’ve attached. Now, I do this on January 1st, January 3rd, and January 5th. When all three happen, boom, we’ve attached on the fifth, all three of these. What does attachment do? It gives the creditors rights against only me, the debtor, but they also want to protect themselves not only against me but against those other third parties. That’s where they have to go to the next step which is perfection.

If you look in your notes it says the law provides creditors with rights similar to attachment like a judicial lien, a statutory lien which is an artisans or mechanic’s lien or they could garnish like garnishing your wages. These are things that are similar to attaching.

Now when you’re filing it, you file it with the state recording office in the UCC department or the counting clerk but basically there’s a UCC department, a uniform commercial code. That’s where you would file this paperwork.

Now what about perfection? Perfection provides notice to third parties that a security interest exist. It’s basically providing notice. Now, in order to do this, we have to do not all three but one of the three. The first one says you file a financing statement. Now a financing statement is a statement that describes the debt, the collateral and its sign.

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